Publications scientifiques

Carr, M. M., Saules, K. K., Ellis, J. D., Staples, A., Ledgerwood, D. M., & Loverich, T. M. (2020). Development and Validation of the Recognizing Addictive Disorders Scale: A Transdiagnostic Measure of Substance-Related and Other Addictive Disorders. Substance Use & Misuse, 0(0), 1‑11. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2020.1797806

Objective Substance use disorders and behavioral addictions commonly co-occur. However, few available self-report measures reliably and validly assess the full range of addictive conditions. The development and initial validation of a new measure—Recognizing Addictive Disorders (RADs) scale addresses a significant gap in the literature. Method: After items were generated and evaluated in Study 1, Study 2 (N = 300), applied exploratory factor analysis to the item pool using an online-based community sample. In Study 3 (N = 427), the factor structure was validated using an independent online-based community sample and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: The scale demonstrated good internal consistency (a = .92) and construct validity, including replication of the factor structure (χ2 (553) = 760.83, p < .001, CFI = .997, TLI = .997, RMSEA = .030) and correlation with a related transdiagnostic measure of addiction (r = .72). Discussion: Overall, results support the preliminary validity of a brief transdiagnostic measure of addiction that considers a diverse range of behaviors. For patients presenting to substance abuse treatment, this tool may be useful in identifying symptoms of other types of non-substance problems, which could ultimately aid in treatment planning.

 

Crowley, D., & Delargy, I. (2020). A national model of remote care for assessing and providing opioid agonist treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic: a report. Harm Reduction Journal, 17(1), 49. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-020-00394-z

Health services globally are struggling to manage the impact of COVID-19. The existing global disease burden related to opioid use is significant. Particularly challenging groups include older drug users who are more vulnerable to the effects of COVID-19. Increasing access to safe and effective opioid agonist treatment (OAT) and other harm reduction services during this pandemic is critical to reduce risk. In response to COVID-19, healthcare is increasingly being delivered by telephone and video consultation, and this report describes the development of a national model of remote care to eliminate waiting lists and increase access to OAT in Ireland.

 

Frank, A., Fatke, B., Frank, W., Förstl, H., & Hölzle, P. (2020). Depression, dependence and prices of the COVID-19-Crisis. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 87, 99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.068

 

Haider, M. R., Brown, M. J., Gupta, R. D., Karim, S., Olatosi, B., & Li, X. (2020). Psycho-Social Correlates of Opioid Use Disorder among the US Adult Population: Evidence from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015–2018. Substance Use & Misuse, 0(0), 1‑9. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2020.1788086

Background The United States (US) has experienced an opioid epidemic over the last two decades. Drug overdose deaths increased by 21% from 2015 to 2016, with two-thirds of these deaths attributed to opioid use disorder (OUD). This study assessed the psycho-social correlates associated with OUD over 2015–2018 in the US. Methods: This study used data collected from 171,766 (weighted = 245,838,163) eligible non-institutionalized US adults in the pooled National Survey on Drug Use and Health from 2015–2018. Survey-weighted descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable analyses were performed to assess the psycho-social correlates of OUD. Results: About 0.85% of the respondents reported having OUD in the past year. About one-quarter (26.3%), one-sixth (14.8%), and half (47.3%) of the respondents with OUD reported alcohol, marijuana, and nicotine dependence, respectively. One-sixth (16.7%) had a criminal justice involvement history, and almost one-third (30.8%) experienced a major depressive episode (MDE) in the past year. In multivariable analysis, ≤64 years, White race, male gender, lower educational attainment, unemployment, large metro area residence, history of alcohol, marijuana, nicotine use disorder, history of criminal justice involvement, and MDE in previous year were associated with higher odds of OUD. In contrast, being married, non-Hispanic African American, non-Hispanic Other, and Hispanic ethnicity, good physical health, private health insurance, and higher risk perception about addictive substance use were associated with lower odds of OUD. Conclusions: OUD is more prevalent among certain sociodemographic groups in the US. Targeted interventions focusing on young, White, unmarried, male, and uninsured/Medicaid/Medicare populations should be implemented to reduce the OUD.

 

Hammond, A. S., Antoine, D. G., Stitzer, M. L., & Strain, E. C. (2020). A Randomized and Controlled Acceptability Trial of an Internet-based Therapy among Inpatients with Co-occurring Substance Use and Other Psychiatric Disorders. Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 0(0), 1‑8. https://doi.org/10.1080/15504263.2020.1794094

Objectives Technology-assisted treatment (TAT) holds promise for innovative assessment, prevention, and treatment of substance use disorders (SUD). The widespread access to TAT makes it a potentially cost-effective and inventive option available for delivery in multiple settings. This study assessed acceptability of the web-based Therapeutic Education System (TES) in hospitalized dual diagnosis patients with SUDs and other psychiatric disorders. Methods: Eligible participants were nonpsychotic, voluntary patients with self-reported drug or alcohol use in the 30 days prior to admission. They were randomly assigned to treatment as usual (TAU, n = 47) or TAU + TES (n = 48). Acceptability of this Internet-based intervention was assessed by observed utilization and self-report. Results: The TAU + TES group (# analyzed = 41) completed a mean total of 5.5 (SEM = 0.8) modules with about one module per day while hospitalized and rated TES highly on several constructs of acceptability, including novelty, usefulness and ease of understanding. Conclusions: These findings support further exploration of TAT for treatment expansion in a high acuity, dual diagnosis population and indicate the value of future research on efficacy. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02674477

 

Kunreuther, E. (2020). Autism Spectrum Disorder and Substance Use Disorder: A Dual Diagnosis Hiding in Plain Sight. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 29(3), 467‑481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2020.03.002

 

Lee, S.-J., Koussa, M., Gelberg, L., Heinzerling, K., & Young, S. D. (2020). Somatization, mental health and pain catastrophizing factors associated with risk of opioid misuse among patients with chronic non-cancer pain. Journal of Substance Use, 25(4), 357‑362. https://doi.org/10.1080/14659891.2019.1704079

Objective: To examine somatization, mental health, and pain catastrophizing factors as predictors of risk for opioid misuse in patients with chronic non-cancer pain. Methods: Risk for prescription opioid misuse was examined using the Current Opioid Misuse Measure (COMM). Overall, 51 patients were enrolled in the study and completed the baseline survey that assessed anxiety (GAD-7), somatization (PHQ-15), depression (PHQ-9), and pain catastrophizing indicators (PCS). Results: Overall, a high proportion of patients screened positive for anxiety (30%), somatization (73%), depression (43%), and pain catastrophizing subscales (magnification 29%, rumination 29%, and helplessness 18%). Patients who screened positive for anxiety disorder reported a significantly higher COMM score compared to those without symptoms (28.19 vs. 15.11, p < .0001). Patients with depressive symptoms also reported significantly higher COMM score compared to those without depressive symptoms (25.18, vs. 14.69, p = .0007). Those with PCS ‘magnification’ reported significantly higher COMM score (25.0), compared to those without ‘magnification’ (16.81; p = .018). Similarly, those with PCS ‘rumination’ scored higher on the COMM score compared to those without ‘rumination’ (25.9 vs 17.59, p = .038). Conclusions: These findings underscore the importance of future interventions to address mental health and pain catastrophizing symptoms when treating patients with chronic non-cancer pain for opioid misuse.

 

Rudenstine, S., Espinosa, A., & Kumar, A. (2020). Depression and Anxiety Subgroups Across Alcohol Use Disorder and Substance Use in a National Epidemiologic Study. Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 0(0), 1‑13. https://doi.org/10.1080/15504263.2020.1784498

Objective The high prevalence of alcohol/substance use among individuals with psychiatric disorders elucidates the import of investigations into associations between types and severity of psychiatric symptoms and alcohol/substance use. This study examined the likelihood of alcohol use disorder and substance use among individuals with varying depression and anxiety symptoms and severity thereof. Differences across sex were also examined. Methods: Using data from the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, a nationally representative sample from the United States (N = 43,093), separate logistic regressions estimated the odds of lifetime alcohol use disorder, depressant, stimulant, hallucinogen, and comorbid substance use across psychiatric symptom clusters controlling for age, sex, and ethnicity. Results: Symptom severity was a more important correlate of alcohol use disorder and substance use than symptom type. In particular, the odds ratio of lifetime use of depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens, or any combination of these types of substances were higher for individuals with either severe depression or severe depression and anxiety relative to a healthy control. Moreover, the odds of having a diagnosis of lifetime alcohol use disorder were higher for individuals with severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, and both depression and anxiety, relative to healthy individuals. Those with mild depression were more likely to engage in substance use than individuals with anxiety alone. Patterns of association among males and females were highly consistent. Conclusions: The findings highlight an enhanced risk of alcohol and substance use among individuals with severe depression and/or anxiety symptoms above what is seen among individuals with less severe symptomatology. In addition, this study shows a unique risk posed by the presence of depression on substance use. This study offers a framework for future studies to examine the causal mechanisms explaining the connection between psychiatric symptoms and alcohol/substance use.

 

Schimmel, J., & Manini, A. F. (2020). Opioid Use Disorder and COVID-19: Biological Plausibility for Worsened Outcomes. Substance Use & Misuse, 55(11), 1900‑1901. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2020.1791184

Background Alarms have been raised that COVID-19 may disproportionately affect certain populations with substance use disorders, particularly Opioid Use Disorder (OUD), however warnings have largely focused on social risks such as reduced availability of services. Objectives: This commentary highlights three plausible biological mechanisms for potentially worsened outcomes in patients with OUD who contract COVID-19. Results: Opioid-related respiratory depression may amplify risks of hypoxemia from COVID-19 viral pneumonia. Complex opioid immune modulation may impact host response to COVID-19, though the effect direction and clinical significance are unclear. Drug-drug interactions may affect individuals with OUD who are co-administered medications for OUD and medications for COVID-19, particularly due to cardiac adverse effects. Conclusions/Importance: There are plausible biological mechanisms for potentially worsened outcomes in patients with OUD who contract COVID-19; these mechanisms require further study, and should be considered in individuals with OUD.

 

 

Revue de presse

As the deadly opioid crisis rages, Canada’s police chiefs say they’re ready for a new approach. (2020). Accéder au texte intégral.

Statement calls for the decriminalization of the personal possession of illicit drugs

 

Aug 03, B. S. · C. N. · P., & ago, 2020 1:00 AM PT | Last Updated: 9 hours. (2020). Province-sanctioned safe supply not enough to get some B.C. addicts off fentanyl-laced street drugs | CBC News. Accéder au texte intégral.

Nearly 2,000 people in B.C. have been prescribed hydromorphone, a synthetic opioid, under the province’s safe-supply program, but fatal overdoses continue to rise and reached a historic high in June, with 175 deaths.

 

How to protect mental health during coronavirus. (s. d.). Accéder au texte intégral.

As the pandemic wears on, mental health becomes more fragile and the ill effects can be persistent. Digital tools can help us identify stress as a first step before seeking help. And we can train community health workers and doctors to detect and treat mental health issues.

 

Les provinces sont peu enthousiastes à l’idée d’une réforme sur les drogues. (s. d.). Accéder au texte intégral.

Seule la Colombie-Britannique et les chefs de police du pays appellent à la décriminalisation de la possession simple.

 

News, C. M. |, Politics, & July 10th 2020, F. policy for B. C. |. (2020). Trudeau ministers welcome decriminalization endorsement as opioid crisis deepens. Accéder au texte intégral.

The police chiefs said in a report that the « compelling case » for change had been made by public health officials addressing the opioid crisis, which killed over 15,000 Canadians between January 2016 and December 2019, and continues to kill.

 

 

Médias sociaux

Alerte au fentanyl. (Formation croisée) Voir le billet.

 

Guide clinique «La pharmacothérapie de remplacement des substances psychoactives en contexte de la COVID-19 au Québec». (Formation croisée) Voir le billet.

 

La pandémie entraîne une forte hausse des décès par surdoses d’opioïdes au Canada. (Formation croisée) Voir le billet.

 

Les opioïdes gagnent du terrain au Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean. (Formation croisée) Voir le billet.

 

Projet Apps + Cannabis. (Formation croisée) Voir le billet.

 

Formation | Démystifier et apprivoiser la scoping review. (RISQ) Voir le billet.

 

Lancement du Prix partenariat Michel Landry. (RISQ) Voir le billet.

 

Réserver la date ! Lancement scientifique du CICC - (RÉ)SO 16-35- Octobre 2020. (RISQ) Voir le billet.

 

Projets de recherche des partenaires

Évaluation de l’implantation au CHUM du modèle ECHO - Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes

Nous sollicitons votre participation à un projet de recherche qualitative parce que vous prenez part à un des programmes de télémentorat ECHO® au CHUM...

 

Le profil du « mangeur » en période de confinement : le cas de la COVID-19

Cette étude a pour but d’établir les profils de « mangeur » suite aux changements occupationnels et relationnels relatifs au confinement/déconfinement progressif relié à la COVID-19....

 

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