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Applying Developmental Care Theory to the Improvement of Self-Regulation and Feeding Difficulties in a Late Preterm Infant Receiving Cardiac Surgery: A Nursing Experience
Hu Li Za Zhi. 2026 Aug;73(4):e26413. doi: 10.6224/JN.26413.ABSTRACTWhen preterm infants present with organ anomalies that require immediate surgical intervention after birth, their immature nervous systems often limit their ability to cope with the stress of surgery and subsequent treatments. This often results in difficulties with self-regulation and related health …
Guidelines for detection and management of hyperbilirubinemia in term and late preterm newborns ( 35 weeks gestational age)
Paediatr Child Health. 2026 Apr 28;31(5):496-526. doi: 10.1093/pch/pxaf034. eCollection 2026 Jul.ABSTRACTHyperbilirubinemia is a common condition and is usually benign in term and late preterm newborns. Developing a standardized approach for all newborns to prevent, identify, and manage those with clinically significant hyperbilirubinemia will minimize the potential risks of long-term neurological …
Efficacy of Skin-to-Skin Care With Phototherapy in Neonatal Jaundice: A Randomised Controlled Trial
J Paediatr Child Health. 2026 Jul 28. doi: 10.1111/jpc.70519. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPURPOSE: Intermittent skin-to-skin care (SSC) during phototherapy for neonatal jaundice improves breast milk consumption and reduces enterohepatic circulation. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of SSC on the rate of fall in bilirubin in …
Effect of Phototherapy on Calcium, Magnesium, and Vitamin D Levels in Neonates with Hyperbilirubinemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Curr Pediatr Rev. 2026 Jul 23. doi: 10.2174/0115733963451506260720071837. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of phototherapy on serum calcium, magnesium, and vitamin D levels in term neonates.METHODS: This study was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, …
Causal associations between gut microbiota and inflammatory factors in neonatal jaundice: a Mendelian randomization study
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2026 Dec;39(1):2709189. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2026.2709189. Epub 2026 Jul 28.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Neonatal jaundice is a common clinical condition, affecting approximately 60% of full-term infants and 80% of preterm infants. The majority of neonatal jaundice represents benign physiological hyperbilirubinemia that resolves spontaneously, yet a subset progresses to clinically significant hyperbilirubinemia (CSH), defined as elevated …
Impact of moderate hyperbilirubinemia on the neuromotor trajectory of term infants: A General Movements Assessment study
Early Hum Dev. 2026 Jul 21:106626. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2026.106626. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: The neurodevelopmental impact of moderate neonatal hyperbilirubinemia remains a clinical grey area. Prechtl's General Movements Assessment (GMA) is a highly sensitive tool for monitoring early motor quality, but its utility in this intermediate-risk population is understudied. This study …
Hospitalization Rates for Phototherapy in Neonates With Transcutaneous Bilirubin (TcB) Values >5.5 mg/dL Below the Phototherapy Threshold
Cureus. 2026 Jun 30;18(6):e111810. doi: 10.7759/cureus.111810. eCollection 2026 Jun.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Neonatal jaundice (hyperbilirubinemia) affects over half of term infants. Although most cases are benign, some progress to severe hyperbilirubinemia, causing acute bilirubin encephalopathy or kernicterus. Early detection is essential. Total serum bilirubin (TSB) is the diagnostic standard, but invasive. Transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) …
Correlation Between Transcutaneous Bilirubin and Serum Bilirubin in Preterm Neonates in Neonatal Jaundice: A Prospective Observational Study
J Paediatr Child Health. 2026 Aug 4. doi: 10.1111/jpc.70521. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To determine the correlation between transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) and total serum bilirubin (TSB) in preterm neonates, and assess this correlation in two gestational sub-groups before and after phototherapy.METHODS: This prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary …
Comparative effectiveness of different probiotics combined with phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: a retrospective, non-randomized cohort study
Front Pediatr. 2026 Jul 23;14:1825590. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1825590. eCollection 2026.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: This is a retrospective cohort study, not a clinical trial. No randomization, allocation concealment, or trial registration was performed. Phototherapy serves as the standard treatment for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, yet clinical issues such as bilirubin rebound and prolonged hospital stay remain unresolved. This study …
Therapeutic efficacy of intermittent versus continuous phototherapy in term neonates with hyperbilirubinemia: A randomized controlled trial
J Neonatal Perinatal Med. 2026 Aug 7:19345798261475688. doi: 10.1177/19345798261475688. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBackgroundNeonatal jaundice affects most newborns due to immature bilirubin metabolism. Phototherapy continues to be the cornerstone of treatment, having significantly reduced bilirubin-induced neurotoxicity. This study compares continuous and intermittent phototherapy in term neonates with non-hemolytic indirect hyperbilirubinemia to evaluate their …
Association between jaundice treatment and conventional electroencephalography (EEG) changes with spectral analysis in infants
J Neonatal Perinatal Med. 2026 Aug 14:19345798261475686. doi: 10.1177/19345798261475686. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTObjectiveNeonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NHB) is a common clinical condition that may lead to long-term neurodevelopmental impairment due to bilirubin-induced neurotoxicity. The development of reliable methods for neurological monitoring in affected newborns remains a major challenge in neonatal care. This study aimed …
Parental involvement in zero-separation care: experiences and needs of parents of late preterm infants
Front Pediatr. 2026 Jul 29;14:1913778. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1913778. eCollection 2026.ABSTRACTAIM: This study explores parents' experiences regarding involvement in the care of their late preterm infants within a zero-separation care model at the semi-intensive care unit (level II) of the University Hospitals Leuven.METHODS: A qualitative design was used, employing in-depth, semi-structured interviews with …
Lived Experiences of Mothers With Preterm Infants Providing Kangaroo Mother Care
Nurs Open. 2026 Aug;13(8):e70760. doi: 10.1002/nop2.70760.ABSTRACTAIM: The aim of this study was to explore the lived experiences of mothers with preterm infants providing kangaroo mother care.DESIGN: A qualitative phenomenological design.METHODS: In-depth unstructured interviews were conducted over six months, from January to June 2024, with mothers of preterm infants …
Long-Term Effects of Kangaroo Mother Care on Neuromotor Development in Adults Born Preterm: A Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study
Acta Paediatr. 2026 Aug 14. doi: 10.1111/apa.70697. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAIM: To assess long-term effects of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) on motor development in adults born with birth weights ≤ 1800 g, compared to conventional neonatal care.METHODS: This cohort analysis included 214 young adults with a history of birth weights ≤ 1800 g, mostly preterm, …
Impact of early oral-motor intervention combined with kangaroo mother care on feeding outcomes in extremely preterm infants: Mediation by oral-motor function (NOMAS) and independent risk factor analysis for feeding intolerance
Medicine (Baltimore). 2026 Aug 14;105(33):e49891. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000049891.ABSTRACTFeeding intolerance (FI) and immaturity hinder nutritional advancement in extremely preterm infants. While kangaroo mother care (KMC) and early oral-motor intervention (EOMI) show individual benefits, evidence for their combined effect on FI via improved oral-motor function remains limited. This retrospective observational study included 428 infants (…
Efficacy of Skin-to-Skin Care With Phototherapy in Neonatal Jaundice: A Randomised Controlled Trial
J Paediatr Child Health. 2026 Jul 28. doi: 10.1111/jpc.70519. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPURPOSE: Intermittent skin-to-skin care (SSC) during phototherapy for neonatal jaundice improves breast milk consumption and reduces enterohepatic circulation. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of SSC on the rate of fall in bilirubin in …
Cranial Ultrasound Morphometry and Head Circumference at Term-Equivalent Age Are Associated with Early Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Preterm Infants
Medicina (Kaunas). 2026 Jul 18;62(7):1393. doi: 10.3390/medicina62071393.ABSTRACTBackground and Objectives: Advances in perinatal and neonatal care have improved survival in preterm infants, yet neurodevelopmental impairment remains a major concern. A considerable proportion of preterm infants with normal or only mildly abnormal neuroimaging findings still develop neurodevelopmental difficulties, highlighting the need for more …
Effects of early life adversity on acute metabolic outcomes during neonatal development
Neurobiol Stress. 2026 Jul 9;44:100835. doi: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2026.100835. eCollection 2026 Sep.ABSTRACTEarly life adversity has lasting effects on neuroendocrine function and increases risk for psychopathology and metabolic disease. Stress and metabolism are closely intertwined, with critical periods for early life stress overlapping those for metabolic programming. Early life adversity models in rodents have …
Not Passing Newborn Hearing Screening and Neurodevelopment at 2 Years in Infants Born Extremely Preterm
J Pediatr. 2026 Jul 20:115251. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2026.115251. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between not passing newborn hearing screening and language, cognitive, and behavioral outcomes at 2 years' corrected age among infants born extremely preterm.STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study of infants born at 22-26 weeks' gestation or 401-1,000 …
Early Nutrition as a Modulator of Neurodevelopment via the Gut Microbiota in Preterm Neonates
Children (Basel). 2026 Jun 29;13(7):870. doi: 10.3390/children13070870.ABSTRACTPreterm birth is associated with a higher risk of neurodevelopmental adverse outcomes later in life. This increased risk is partly due to interrupted brain development during critical early periods. Early nutrition is a key factor that can influence both brain growth and the development of …
Developmental Care and Follow-Up of Infants Exposed to Alcohol and/or Drugs in Utero: An Australian Benchmarking Survey
J Paediatr Child Health. 2026 Aug 3. doi: 10.1111/jpc.70522. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAIM: Infants exposed to alcohol and/or drugs (AoD) in utero are at considerable risk for developmental complications which are amenable to early intervention. There are no published guidelines in Australia for the allied health care of infants and …
Neurodevelopment and brain maturation in late preterm children: insights from the adolescent brain cognitive development (ABCD) study
Front Pediatr. 2026 Jul 20;14:1827902. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1827902. eCollection 2026.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Neurodevelopmental outcomes in late preterm (LP) children, born between 34 and 36 gestation weeks, remain unclear. This study aimed to examine behavioral, cognitive, and multimodal neuroimaging outcomes in children born late preterm compared with children born full term during early adolescence using data from the …
Neurodevelopmental outcomes of isolated punctate white matter lesions in extremely preterm infants
Pediatr Neonatol. 2026 Jul 21:S1875-9572(26)00111-7. doi: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2026.05.004. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Punctate white matter lesions (PWML) are increasingly recognized in preterm infants through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), yet their clinical significance remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate whether isolated PWMLs in extremely preterm infants are associated …
Hémorragie intra-ventriculaire et dilatation ventriculaire post-hémorragique
Bimodal ultrasound assessment of cerebral hemodynamics in preterm infants stratified by maternal immunotherapy: implications for early prediction of intraventricular hemorrhage
Front Pediatr. 2026 Jul 14;14:1854042. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1854042. eCollection 2026.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical value of bedside bimodal ultrasound in assessing early cerebral circulation in preterm infants from structural and functional perspectives, and to examine whether maternal recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), maternal active immunotherapy status, and ultrasound-derived markers were associated with neonatal cerebral …
Mode of birth and risk of death or severe intraventricular hemorrhage in very preterm infants: a national cohort and emulated target trial (the PRECIOUS (PREterm caesarean/vaginal birth and IVH/OUtcomeS) study)
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2026 Dec;39(1):2708471. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2026.2708471. Epub 2026 Jul 29.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To generate the evidence base, using national cohort data, to design a clinical trial evaluating whether cesarean section (CS) or vaginal birth (VB) offers better outcomes for very preterm infants.BACKGROUND: Severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) remains a major cause of …
Advances in temporizing treatment strategies and associated complications for posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus in preterm infants
Front Pediatr. 2026 Jul 30;14:1864101. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1864101. eCollection 2026.ABSTRACTPosthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) is a severe complication of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants. It can cause varying degrees of brain injury, neurological impairment, and even death. The pathogenesis of PHH is complex, and several temporizing treatment strategies are currently available. However, these approaches differ …
Necrotizing enterocolitis with gastric perforation in a 24-day old preterm neonate
J Crit Care Med (Targu Mures). 2026 Jul 27;12(3):453-458. doi: 10.62838/jccm-2026-0023. eCollection 2026 Jul.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Neonatal gastric perforation (NGP) is a rare, life-threatening surgical emergency that predominantly affects premature and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants and remains associated with high mortality.CASE PRESENTATION: A 600 g female infant born at 25/26 weeks …
Impact of labor before delivery on necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants
J Neonatal Perinatal Med. 2026 Jul 29:19345798261475330. doi: 10.1177/19345798261475330. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBackgroundNecrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) is multifactorial, and the gut microbiome may contribute. Neonatal gut colonization differs by delivery mode; while delivery mode has not been linked to NEC in prior studies, the impact of labor prior to delivery is unknown. Our …
Necrotizing enterocolitis: risk factors and predictive modeling in a cohort of preterm infants. A case-control study
Front Pediatr. 2026 Jul 16;14:1880723. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1880723. eCollection 2026.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Multiple risk factors have been reported, with inconsistent findings across studies. This study aimed to identify perinatal and postnatal risk factors associated with NEC in very preterm infants and …
Comparison of imaging findings of surgical necrotizing enterocolitis between extremely preterm and preterm infants
Pediatr Radiol. 2026 Aug 10. doi: 10.1007/s00247-026-06748-2. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Advances in neonatal care have improved survival of extremely premature infants (
From homeostasis to dysregulation: human milk, microbial metabolites, and the preterm intestinal microenvironment in necrotizing enterocolitis
Transl Pediatr. 2026 Jul 31;15(7):288. doi: 10.21037/tp-2026-0311. Epub 2026 Jun 25.ABSTRACTPreterm birth disrupts normal intestinal and immune development, leading to preterm neonates increased vulnerability to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The immature gut is characterized by impaired epithelial barrier formation, altered intestinal epithelial cell function, and underdeveloped mucosal immune responses, all of which disrupt …
Family Perspectives on Unmet Needs and Shared Decision-Making in NICU Setting
Indian J Pediatr. 2026 Aug;93(8):820-824. doi: 10.1007/s12098-026-06303-9. Epub 2026 Jul 7.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVES: To describe the caregiver experience of care in public-sector neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and identify gaps in communication, participation, and support.METHODS: This study was conducted from May to August 2024 in the level III NICU of …
The effect of family integrated care based on Swanson theory of caring on premature infants: A non-randomized cohort study
Medicine (Baltimore). 2026 Jul 24;105(30):e49889. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000049889.ABSTRACTPreterm birth significantly impacts neonatal growth and development, and the family integrated care (FICare) nursing model offers several benefits. This study investigated the impact of FICare on preterm infants, based on Swanson caring theory. This theory includes 5 core processes (knowing, being with, doing for, …
A Core Outcome Set for Family-Centered Care in Neonatal Intensive Care Settings: An International eDelphi Study and Online Consensus Meeting
Children (Basel). 2026 Jun 29;13(7):862. doi: 10.3390/children13070862.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Family-centered care (FCC) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) can improve infant and family outcomes. Inconsistencies in outcome reporting across FCC trials limits the comparability of findings.AIM: To develop a core outcome set (COS) for evaluating FCC interventions in neonatal intensive care …
Interventions to support postpartum health and well-being of parents with infants in neonatal intensive care units: a scoping review
Front Health Serv. 2026 Jul 15;6:1845396. doi: 10.3389/frhs.2026.1845396. eCollection 2026.ABSTRACTThe postpartum period is particularly vulnerable for families with an infant in the NICU, where stress, separation, and parental health needs are common. This scoping review, conducted in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines, identifies interventions supporting the postpartum health and well-being of NICU parents. …
Parental Anxiety Trajectories 2 Years After NICU Discharge
Pediatrics. 2026 Aug 1;158(2):e2025074834. doi: 10.1542/peds.2025-074834.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence, potential perinatal predictors, and longitudinal trajectory of parental anxiety in mothers and fathers of infants up to 24 months corrected age.METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, 298 mothers and 234 fathers of 315 infants (gestational age < 30 weeks and/or birth weight < 1000 g) …
Parent Mental Health From Preterm Birth Through the NICU Stay
Pediatrics. 2026 Aug 18:e2026076477. doi: 10.1542/peds.2026-076477. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVES: Preterm birth and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission are not only extremely stressful for the infant itself but can also impact parental mental health. This Dutch national prospective cohort study aimed to describe the trajectory of parental mental …
Effect of intact cord resuscitation versus conventional cord clamping on clinical outcomes in very preterm neonates: a randomized controlled trial from Eastern India
Eur J Pediatr. 2026 Aug 12;185(9):658. doi: 10.1007/s00431-026-07323-5.ABSTRACTEarly umbilical cord clamping during delivery-room resuscitation may interrupt placental transfusion during cardiopulmonary transition, increasing neonatal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate whether intact cord resuscitation (ICR) improves delivery-room stabilization and clinical outcomes in very preterm neonates. In this …
High-flow oxygen therapy in preterm infants 32 weeks in a tertiary care hospital: Retrospective descriptive study and association with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy of prematurity
An Pediatr (Engl Ed). 2026 Aug 7:504275. doi: 10.1016/j.anpede.2026.504275. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: High-flow oxygen therapy (HFOT) is increasingly used for respiratory support in preterm newborns (PTNBs). However, there is still limited evidence regarding the impact of its early and prolonged use in this population, as well as its association …
Early multi-system physiological biomarkers of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants: a matched case-control study based on bedside monitoring
Front Med (Lausanne). 2026 Jul 27;13:1902303. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1902303. eCollection 2026.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To identify early multi-system physiological biomarkers that can be obtained at the bedside prior to the formal diagnosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).METHODS: We conducted a single-center retrospective 1:1 matched case-control study enrolling preterm infants of less than 32 weeks' gestational age admitted to …
The Diagnostic Value of Lung Ultrasound in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Among Preterm Infants with Gestational Age 28 Weeks
Diagnostics (Basel). 2026 Aug 5;16(15):2474. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics16152474.ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of this study was to explore the diagnostic value of lung ultrasound (LUS) for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely premature infants. Methods: This was a prospective observational cohort study in which infants with gestational age (GA) ≤ 28+6 weeks were included. LUS was performed …
Elevated HMGB1 Levels in Neonates With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Can Respir J. 2026;2026(1):e2816142. doi: 10.1155/carj/2816142.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: To assess the clinical relevance of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing HMGB1 levels in neonates with and without BPD.METHODS: Eight databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, …
Neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia severity and respiratory outcomes at 3 years of age: a prospective cohort study
Front Pediatr. 2026 Jul 30;14:1881107. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1881107. eCollection 2026.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To examine whether bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) severity is associated with pulmonary function abnormalities and asthma diagnosis risk at 3 years of age, and to support risk-stratified respiratory follow-up in children with BPD.METHODS: This prospective cohort study included 68 preterm infants admitted to the neonatal …
