1. Observe the cows: The effects of heat are felt from: A temperature humidity index (TIH) of 68 (equivalent to 22°C at 50% relative humidity) and a respiratory rate > 60 breaths/minute
2. Provide access to shade: Make sure that cows can protect themselves from the sun's radiation
3. Provide water quality and quantity: 15-20 liters per minute (4-5 gallons/min) and 9 cm (3.5 in.) of space per head at the trough
4. Provide fresh air: Minimum of 40-60 air changes per hour
5. Cool the animals: Expose the animals to a wind of 5.5-7 km/h (300-400 ft/min) on their bodies
6. Add water: sprinklers and misters
7. Continue to cool the animals at night so they can recover: If it was very hot and humid during the day, continue cooling so they lower their body temperature